Milfoil Weevil as a Barrier to Invasive Milfoil
March 25, 2010
The milfoil weevil is a tiny, specialized marine insect indigenous to The Us that might have some very beneficial effects for people and local ecosystems. This stems from the fact that it only eats milfoil and is harmless to mankind).
Two types of milfoil exist in the Us. There is a indigenous one and an invasive species of Eurasian milfoil. The native species is not a problem but the Eurasian one is a major environmental threat. It is this one that is making the milfoil weevil so significant.
Eurasian milfoil (from this point forward all milfoil will be considered Eurasian milfoil unless otherwise noted) was most in all likelihood introduced to the United States sometime between the late 1800’s to 1940’s as either a stowaway on a Ships ballast or tossed shipping material. Because milfoil can attach to any part of the undersurface of a ship and spreads rapidly, it can cause large and undesirable shifts in the environment and make problems for people. Gratefully the milfoil weevil can be spread the same way.
Milfoil spreads rapidly, which results in less growth for native floras, less food for some creatures and less living habitat for small marine creatures. Milfoil mats reduce the oxygen in the water, which can endanger fish and cause unhealthy algae growth.
The milfoil is more annoying for people than harmful because it can reduce the amount of water available for yachting, fishing, bathing and waterskiing. In residential districts, the dense mats may cause floods and droughts because of clogged intake or overflow pipes. Milfoil mats can even cause dam generators to choke or break resulting in lower power production.
The milfoil weevil may well be the solution to this plant epidemic. Eurasia milfoil is a favorite of the milfoil weevil rather than the indigenous kind; this results in the invasive species being gradually destroyed and native plants slowly returning to their natural place. Coupled with a high breeding rate, the weevil is the safe and ideal solution to the milfoil problem. When taking into account how quick the milfoil propagates, it is obvious that weevils are the perfect solution to controlling the problem.
It spreads when small pieces break off and sink to the bottom, there they take root. Using large aquatic reapers are not the answer as the break up the milfoil too much and it grows right back. Vacuum dredging is a little better in that it gets the small pieces, but cause a great deal of water disturbance and leaves the bottom bare, so it will need replanting with native species.
The milfoil weevil will destroy the whole flora by digging into the stem and eating from the inside out, which will kill the flora. With a short life span (milfoil weevils live about 30 days) at least three generations will live and die till they head to the shore to winter. Although they have wings they have rarely been know to fly so no one know if milfoil weevils fly to shore or swim. Once based in a habitat, the milfoil weevil will live even through the coldest Minnesota winters.
